Automatic smoke-preventer.



N0. 682,47l. Patented Sept. I0, I90l.

P. F. KING.

AUTOMATIC SMOKE PREVENTER.

(Application filed Mar. 30, 1901.) (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Shaet 2.

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No. 682,47I. Patented Sept. l0, l90l A P. F. guns.

AUTOMATIC SMOKE PRE VENTER.

(Application filed Mar. 30, 1901.).

(N o M o d a] 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

UNITED STATES FFI Qt PIIINEAS F. KING, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OFTWO-THIRDS TO CHAS. H. TUCKER AND M. J. EDWARDS, OF SAME PLACE.

AUTOMATIC SMOKE-PREVENTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 682,471, datedSeptember 10, 1901.

i Application filed March 30, 1901- Serial No. 1 (N0 model.)

.make and use the same.

The invention relates to apparatus to be attached to furnaces toautomatically aid the combustion in said furnaces, and thereby preventthe formation of smoke and a consequent saving of fuel.

It is a well-known fact that in order to secure perfect combustion in afurnace it is necessary to supply a sufficient amount of oxygen withenough heat to secure the union of the carbon in the fuel with theoxygen to form CO gas. If there is not oxygen enough or heat or timeenough for this, the carbon is precipitated in fine black particles,which are not combustible at the temperature in which they findthemselves. They pass out with the invisible gases from the stack,coloring them black and making what is commonly called smoke.

One object of my invention is to provide a suflicient and uniform supplyof oxygen to all parts of the furnace, thereby aiding perfect combustionto the same degree in the rear of the fire-box as at the front.

Another object of the invention is to provide means to automaticallyregulate the supply of oxygen'to produce thebest results.

With these objects in view myin vention consists in the construction andcombination of the parts, as hereinafter described, and pointed outdefinitely in the claims.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure I is afront elevation of a furnace with the improved apparatus attachedthereto. Fig. II is a horizontal section through the fire-box andretorts. Fig. III is an enlarged detail view, partiallyin section, ofthe automatic mechanism. Fig. IVis a View of the under side of thecut-off valve. Fig. V is a longitudinal section of one of thesteam-nozzles. Fig. VI is a horizontal section of a rear corner of thefire-box, showing a difierent form of connection between the retorts andflue from that shown in Fig. II.

Similar characters of reference designate similar parts in the drawingsand specifica tion.

Referring now particularly to Figs.- 1, II, and VI of the drawings, aand I) represent retorts which are laid in the side walls of thefire-box and having their front ends extending out through theface-plate of the furnace. In extremely-large furnaces the rear ends ofthe retorts CL and l) are in open communication with a retort olaid inthe bridgewall at the rear of the fire-box, open connection beingestablished between said retort c and the flue fot the stack through thepipe (I; but in furnaces of the ordinary size the same result issatisfactorily obtained without the use of the retort c, the retorts CLand I) being connected with the flue f by the pipes Z) passing throughthe bridge-wall, as shown detailed in Fig. VI. It will readily be seenthat by this arrangement of open communication between the outsideatmosphere at the front of the furnace and the flue in the stack throughthe retorts extending the entire length of the fire-box on both sidesand their connection with the flue the draft in said flue will draw theoutside air through said retorts and furnish a uniform supply of oxygenat all points from the front to the rear of the furnace. The walls ofthe fire-box are provided at intervals from the front to the rear with aseries of openings 6 and e, which register with openings in the retortsa and Z; in

the construction shown in Fig. II. Like openings communicate with theretort c.

Arranged within the retorts CL and b are pipes 4; and 11. These pipes inextremelylarge furnaces are connected by the pipe 2' in the retort 0;but in any case they extend the entire length of the sides of thefire-box or to the extreme rear openings 6 and e. The pipes 2' and t"have nipples 2' provided with slits t in their free ends, attachedthereto opposite the openings e and e and extend out of the front of theretorts Ct and 19, passing upward and connecting with the lower chamber1; of a valve-casing o, the upper chamber o of said casing beingconnected through the pipe 9 and suitable fittings with a main steam-supply pipe 77.. The stem of the valve 12 is pivotally connected with alever Z, which has its fulcrum l at one end, the opposite end of saidlever being connected with the rod 171, of a piston m, which operates ina cylinder n. The interior lower portion of said cylinder is connectedthrough the pipes 0 0 0 o and suitable fittings with the mainsteam-supply pipe 71. A valve w has its seat in the base of the cylindern and extends down into an annular chamber n and rests 'on a spring w,the tension of said spring w being regulated by the screw 3, providedwith a hand-wheel 3'. Attached to the annular chamber at is a wastepipe91 The pipe 0 is provided with a cutoff valve 00, situated at aconvenient point, preferably just over the hinge r of the door '1'. Thestem of the valvem has an arm 25 rigidly attached thereto, said armbeing provided with a slot t. A pin r on the door 0" extends upward andengages the slot t.

From the foregoing specification of the construction of the apparatusthe following description of the operation will be readily understood.The lids a and b at the front of the retorts a and I) being open andsaid retorts being in direct open communication with the fiue in thestack, the draft from the stack will draw the oxygen from the exteriorin front of the furnace and maintain a uniform supply of oxygen in allparts of the retorts. When the apparatus is in its normal position andthe door of the fire-box is closed, the cut-off valve 00 is closed, andthe steampressure through the pipe 9 on the valve 0 shuts ofi the steamto the pipes i and 71. Now when the door 1" is opened and a fresh supplyof fuel is furnished to the fire, which is the time that it is desirableto aid the combustion and prevent the formation of smoke, the action ofthe pin r in the slot 23 of the arm 25 opens thevalve 0c and permits thelive steam to enter the cylinder n and close the valve to against thepressure of the spring to. The pressure of the steam against the pistonm causes it to rise. The piston-rod mbeing connected with the lever Zand the stem of the valve 0 being attached to the lever Z between itsfulcrum Z and the point of attachmentof the piston-rod m makes theleverl a lover of the second order, with the resistance on the valve '0and the power on the piston m. Now as the area of the face of the pistonm is much greater than the area of the face of the valve 0 the piston,as above stated,will rise and unseat the valve 1;, allowlever 25 closesthe valve 00 and cuts off the supply of steam to the cylinder at. Thepiston on will, however, remain up and the valve 12 open until the steamin the cylinder n becomes condensed, when the pressure of the spring wwill unseat the valve to and allow the condensed steam to escape throughthe waste-pipe m The leverZ then becomes a lever of the third order,with the power exerted on the valve o and the resistance on the pistonm. Now as the pressure has been removed from under the piston m by thecutting off of the steam and the opening of the valve to the pressure ofthe steam on the valve 12 will cause it to close and out off the steamfrom the pipesvland i. It Will readily be seen that the time of thesteam-supply to the pipes 1) and t" can be regulated by the screw 8,which controls the tension of the spring w. The operator can thereforeturn on the steam by opening the door 7', replenish his fire, and closethe door. He can then time his steam-supply and set the screw 3 to givethe desired time, and thereafter the apparatus will automaticallyperform the functions required to aid the combustion of the fuel andprevent the formation of smoke.

It will be understood that the apparatus will admit of numerousmodifications in construction and arrangement of parts without departingfrom the general nature of the invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s-

1. In an automatic smoke-preventer direct open communication between theexterior of the front of the fire-box and the flue in the stack throughretorts in the walls of said firebox, and openings from said retorts tothe interior of the fire-box at intervals from the front to the rear ofsame, whereby a uniform supply of oxygen is furnished to all parts ofthe fire-box, substantially as specified.

2. In an automatic smoke-preventer, retorts in the walls of thefire-box, said retorts extending from the exterior of the front of thefire-box into the flue of the stack and open at both ends, openings fromsaid retorts into the fire-box at intervals from the front to the rearof said fire-box, pipes in said retorts, connected with a steam-supplyand provided with openings registering with the openings from theretorts into the fire-box, substantially as specified.

3. In an automatic smoke-preventer, retorts in the walls of thefire-box, said reto rts extending from the exterior of the front of thefire-box into the flue of the stack and open at both ends and formingdirect open communication between the exterior of the front of saidfire-box and the flue in the stack, and having openings into thefire-box at intervals from the front to the rear of same, in combinationwith pipes in said retorts, connected with a steam-supply and providedwith openings registering with the openings from the retorts into thefire-box, and means for automatically regulating the supply of steam tosaid pipes,substantially as described.

4. In an automatic smoke-preventer, retorts in the walls of thefire-box, said retorts extending from the exterior of the front of thefire-box into the flue of the stack and open at both ends and formingdirect open communication between the exterior of the front of saidfire-box and the flue in the stack, and having openings into thefire-box at intervals from the front to the rear of same, in combinationwith pipes in said retorts, connected with a steam-supply and providedwith openings registering with the openings from the retorts into thefirebox, a valve connected with said pipes for regulating the supply ofsteam to same,- a lever connected with the stem of said valve, and meansfor automatically operating said lever to open and close the valve,substantially as specified.

5. In an automatic smoke-preventer, retorts in the walls of thefire-box, said retorts arranged as shown, whereby open communication anda uniform supply of oxygen is provided from the exterior of the front ofthe firebox, and the flue of the stack, said retorts having openingstherefrom into the fire-box at intervals from the front to the rear ofsaid fire-box; in combination with pipes in said retorts, connected witha steam-supply and provided with openings registering with the openingsfrom the retorts into the firebox, a valve connected with said pipes forregulating the supply of steam to them, alever connected with the stemof said valve, a cylinder having a piston therein, the rod of which isconnected with one end of the lever, a pipe connecting the lower part ofsaid cylinder with the steam-supply, a valve in said pipe for regulatingthe supply of steam to the cylinder, means for automatically openingsaid valve when pressure has been relieved therefrom, and suitable meansfor the escape of condensed steam below the last-named valve,substantially as described.

6. In an automatic smoke-preventer, direct open communication betweenthe exterior of the front of the fire-box and the flue of the stackthrough retorts arranged in the walls of the fire-box, openings fromsaid retorts into the fire-box, pipes in said retorts having openingstherein registering with the openings from the retorts into thefire-box, said pipes being connected with a valve, a steam-supply pipeconnected with said valve, the stem of said valve being connected with alever fulcrumed at one end and having the other end connected with therod of a piston whose face has a greater area than the area of thevalve, and which operates in a cylinder, a pipe connecting the lowerpart of said cylinder with the steam-supply pipe through a valve,suitable connection between said valve and the door of the fire-box,whereby the opening and closing of said door will open and close saidvalve, a valve in the base of the cylinder, means for automaticallyopening said Valve when steam-pressure has been relieved therefrom,means for regulating the resistance of the said valve and means for theescape of condensed steam below the last-named valve, substantially asspecified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

PHINEAS F. KING.

